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A black round Italian shield of about 1560. A tangled scene of figures occupies the center, with round medallions holding busts around it, all in relief.

Greek

Aegis

Aegis (Αἰγίς)

Shaken, it raises storms and sends enemy armies fleeing in terror.

ArmorFirst recorded c. 750 BCE

A Persian gold ornament of a ram's head from the sixth to fourth century BCE, with large curled horns, a long muzzle and patterned hair on the neck.

Greek

Golden Fleece

Golden Fleece (Χρυσόμαλλον Δέρας)

Brings prosperity and legitimate kingship to the land that holds it.

TreasureFirst recorded c. 250 BCE

A close view of the lower part of the steel shield of Henry II of France, about 1555. A cavalry battle fills the central oval, with figure medallions and floral relief around it and rivets along the edge.

Greek

Shield of Achilles

A shield of five layers forged by a god, with the whole world engraved on its face.

ArmorFirst recorded c. 750 BCE

Antonio Canova's marble statue Perseus with the Head of Medusa, 1804–6. The nude Perseus holds a curved sword in his right hand and Medusa's head in his left.

Greek

Harpe

Harpe (Ἅρπη)

A curved blade that can cut even the immortal.

WeaponFirst recorded c. 700 BCE

The reverse of a silver coin of King Demetrius of Macedon, about 300–295 BCE. A nude Poseidon with a cloak over his left arm strides forward aiming his trident, with Greek letters around him.

Greek

Trident of Poseidon

Trident of Poseidon (Τρίαινα)

When struck, the sea boils, the earth shakes and springs rise.

WeaponFirst recorded c. 750 BCE

Greek

Thunderbolt of Zeus

Keraunos (Κεραυνός)

Lightning that splits the sky. It felled the Titans and the monster Typhon.

WeaponFirst recorded c. 700 BCE

Greek

Helm of Hades

Kynee (Κυνέη)

Its wearer cannot be seen even by the gods.

ArmorFirst recorded c. 750 BCE

A Cypriot limestone head of the early fifth century BCE. Heracles wears a lion skin over his head, framing his face.

Greek

Skin of the Nemean Lion

Nemean Lion's Skin

No sword or arrow can pierce it.

ArmorFirst recorded c. 700 BCE

An Attic red-figure water jar (hydria) of the early fourth century BCE. Against the black ground, figures in red stand around a tree wound with a white snake.

Greek

Golden Apples of the Hesperides

The fruit of the gods, said to give immortality.

ElixirFirst recorded c. 700 BCE

A Cypriot footed cup (kylix) of about 750–600 BCE, with scrolls and geometric designs in red and black on a pale ground.

Greek

Ambrosia and Nectar

Ambrosia & Nectar

Keeps the gods ageless and deathless.

ElixirFirst recorded c. 750 BCE

Greek

Necklace of Harmonia

Keeps its wearer young and beautiful forever but brings misfortune for generations.

JewelFirst recorded 90

Greek

Arrows of Eros

A gold arrow makes one fall in love, a lead arrow makes one flee from it.

WeaponFirst recorded 8

Greek

Pegasus

Pegasus (Πήγασος)

Flies on its wings, and raises springs by striking the ground with its hooves.

MountFirst recorded c. 700 BCE

A wooden boat model from Middle Kingdom Egypt, about 1981–1975 BCE. Figures of rowers are packed on a green boat, their oars lowered into the water.

Greek

The Argo

Argo (Ἀργώ)

Its prow, made of the sacred oak of Dodona, speaks like a person and tells the future.

MountFirst recorded c. 725 BCE

A Roman marble statue of Aphrodite of the first to second century CE. The nude goddess, with hair tied up, stands with both arms broken away.

Greek

Girdle of Aphrodite

Kestos Himas (Κεστὸς ἱμάς)

Embroidered with love, longing and beguiling words, it makes anyone fall in love.

JewelFirst recorded c. 750 BCE

An Etruscan gold ring of the late fourth or early third century BCE. Letters are punched in dots across the front of the wide gold band.

Greek

Ring of Gyges

Turning the bezel inward makes its wearer invisible.

JewelFirst recorded c. 375 BCE

A lidded pottery container (pyxis) from Apulia in southern Italy, about 300 BCE. The round body has red spirals on a black ground and is topped by a knobbed lid.

Greek

Pandora's Box

Pandora's Box (πίθος)

Opened, it scatters every evil into the world, leaving only hope within.

VesselFirst recorded c. 700 BCE

Greek

Caduceus

Caduceus (κηρύκειον)

Reconciles enemies, puts people to sleep or wakes them, and leads the souls of the dead to the underworld.

TreasureFirst recorded c. 600 BCE

A marble head of Asclepius from the third to second century BCE, Roman. Blue glass eyes are set in a face framed by curly hair and beard.

Greek

Rod of Asclepius

A staff wound with a serpent, symbolizing healing skill that could revive even the dead.

TreasureFirst recorded c. 474 BCE

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Greek

Aegis

Aegis (Αἰγίς)

Shaken, it raises storms and sends enemy armies fleeing in terror.

ArmorFirst recorded c. 750 BCE

Greek

Golden Fleece

Golden Fleece (Χρυσόμαλλον Δέρας)

Brings prosperity and legitimate kingship to the land that holds it.

TreasureFirst recorded c. 250 BCE

Greek

Shield of Achilles

A shield of five layers forged by a god, with the whole world engraved on its face.

ArmorFirst recorded c. 750 BCE

Greek

Harpe

Harpe (Ἅρπη)

A curved blade that can cut even the immortal.

WeaponFirst recorded c. 700 BCE

Greek

Trident of Poseidon

Trident of Poseidon (Τρίαινα)

When struck, the sea boils, the earth shakes and springs rise.

WeaponFirst recorded c. 750 BCE

Greek

Thunderbolt of Zeus

Keraunos (Κεραυνός)

Lightning that splits the sky. It felled the Titans and the monster Typhon.

WeaponFirst recorded c. 700 BCE

Greek

Helm of Hades

Kynee (Κυνέη)

Its wearer cannot be seen even by the gods.

ArmorFirst recorded c. 750 BCE

Greek

Skin of the Nemean Lion

Nemean Lion's Skin

No sword or arrow can pierce it.

ArmorFirst recorded c. 700 BCE

Greek

Golden Apples of the Hesperides

The fruit of the gods, said to give immortality.

ElixirFirst recorded c. 700 BCE

Greek

Ambrosia and Nectar

Ambrosia & Nectar

Keeps the gods ageless and deathless.

ElixirFirst recorded c. 750 BCE

Greek

Necklace of Harmonia

Keeps its wearer young and beautiful forever but brings misfortune for generations.

JewelFirst recorded 90

Greek

Arrows of Eros

A gold arrow makes one fall in love, a lead arrow makes one flee from it.

WeaponFirst recorded 8

Greek

Pegasus

Pegasus (Πήγασος)

Flies on its wings, and raises springs by striking the ground with its hooves.

MountFirst recorded c. 700 BCE

Greek

The Argo

Argo (Ἀργώ)

Its prow, made of the sacred oak of Dodona, speaks like a person and tells the future.

MountFirst recorded c. 725 BCE

Greek

Girdle of Aphrodite

Kestos Himas (Κεστὸς ἱμάς)

Embroidered with love, longing and beguiling words, it makes anyone fall in love.

JewelFirst recorded c. 750 BCE

Greek

Ring of Gyges

Turning the bezel inward makes its wearer invisible.

JewelFirst recorded c. 375 BCE

Greek

Pandora's Box

Pandora's Box (πίθος)

Opened, it scatters every evil into the world, leaving only hope within.

VesselFirst recorded c. 700 BCE

Greek

Caduceus

Caduceus (κηρύκειον)

Reconciles enemies, puts people to sleep or wakes them, and leads the souls of the dead to the underworld.

TreasureFirst recorded c. 600 BCE

Greek

Rod of Asclepius

A staff wound with a serpent, symbolizing healing skill that could revive even the dead.

TreasureFirst recorded c. 474 BCE